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%\t JHiIton Catec})t0tn 



AN OUTLINE OF THE HISTORY 
OF MILTON, MASSACHUSETTS 



■/ 



ILLUSTRATED 



PUBLISHED BY 

MILTON HISTORICAL SOCIETY 






COPYRIGFITED, 1910, 



Milton Histokical Society 



THE ROCKWELL & CHURCHILL PRESS, BOSTON 



eCI.A27S42'^ 



PREFACE 



ONE of the objects which the committee of the Milton 
Historical Society who are responsible for this out- 
line have had in mind is to supply our school teachers with 
a convenient basis for the study of the history of our town 
and of its political, social and industrial conditions, so that 
when the chMdren Ijecome men and women they may more 
earnestly and wisely strive for the welfare of their town and 
hence of their country. But it is hoped that the usefulness 
of the outline will reach further than the schools and that it 
will be for the community not only such a stimulus to 
patriotism as the study of history should always ]>e, but 
also a helpful guide to fertile and interesting fields of 
knowledge. 

The committee wish to acknowledge with gratitude their 
debt to the Brookline Education Society, whose Guide to 
the Local History of Brookline has been to them both an 
incitement and a model, and to the Milton Public Lilmny 
for valuable assistance in preparing the work for the 
printer. 

Andrew Henshaw Ward, 
Florexce G. Houghton, 
Eleanor P. Martin, 
Mary Rivers, 
Asher J. Jacoby, 

Committee. 

(5) 



CONTENTS 



A. Geography of Milton Andreiv H. Ward 

B. Geology of Milton William L. W. Field 

C. Settlement of Milton "] 

D. Separation of Milton from Dorchester \ Miss Eleanor P. Martin 

E. Old Buildings of Milton J 

F. Transportation and Routes of Travel . Miss Mary H. Hinckley 

G. Slavery in Milton 3Iis$ Harriet E. Tuell 

H. Milton in the Wars : 

Milton in the Revolution Miss Mary Rivers 

Milton in the War of 1812 1 

Milton in the Mexican War ,,. ,^ . „ ^ „ 

,,.,, . ^, „. ., „- \ Miss Harriet E. Tuell 

Milton m the Civil War 

Milton in the Spanish War J 

^ „ f Asher J. Jacoly 

I. Government i 

I Miss Florence G. Houghton 

J. Milton Churches Roderick Stebhins 

K. Milton Industries •. Mrs. Frederick M. Hamlin 

L. Miscellaneous ] 

,,^ „ „ > Andreiv H. Ward 

M. Topics for Special Study J 

^^ ^ ^ , Andrew H. Ward 

N. General References 

Miss Lucy D. Luard 



r7) 



ILLUSTRATIONS 



Blue Hill from Houghton's Pond 

Frontiapiece 

Paul's Bridge . . page 

10 

Old Indian Trail . 



The Rising Sun Tavern 

The Suffolk Resolves House 

The Pound and the Gulliver Elm 

Memorial Stone and Rails of the First R^ilwat in 
Gov. Hutchinson's House, 1743 

The Town Hall 

The Vose School, 1910 
The High School ... 



"TcHOoT ''"''' ^""""'' ''''■ ^'^"-^ "^"^^ '""^ ^«^ ^^"-^ 

Milton Academy, 1910 
Chocolate Mills 

The Public Library 

Meteorological Station on Blue Hill 



15 
19 

23 

29 

35 

41 

45 

51 

57 



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THE MILTON CATECHISM 



A. Geography 

I. A detailed study of j^resent and past phr/sical condi- 
tions. — Give lessons from hill-tops ; point out particular 
hills, valleys, streams, ponds, swamps, meadow lands, 
woods, bays; e.g., locate Blue Hill, Brush Hill, Milton 
Hill, The Centre, Houghton's Pond, Ponkapog Pond, Tur- 
ner's Pond, Pope's Pond, Cunningham Park, Gov. Hutch- 
inson Field, Neponset Eiver, Pine Tree Brook, Unquity 
Brook, the quarries, Neponset salt marshes, Gulliver's 
Creek, Granite Bridge, Neponset Meadows above Paul's 
Bridge, the limits of the Reservation, swamp in the Reser- 
vation, the old channel of the Neponset River, Vose's Lane, 
etc. Reproduce the same on the sand table. Call attention 
to changes of physical features due to grading for new 
streets, drainage of swamps, erosion of hills, cuts for rail- 
roads {e.g., near Central Avenue Station). 

H. Direction lessons. — Direction of Boston, Boston 
Harbor, light houses, Nantasket, State House, Dorchester 
Heights, Quincy, Randolph, Brookline, Mt. Wachusett, 
Miles Standish Monument, Dedham, Charles River, Salem, 
Cape Ann, Cape Cod, Nahant, Lexington, Concord, Bunker 
Hill, Moon Island, Hough's Neck. (See chart of directions 
from Blue Hill.) 

HI. Study of political map. — Explanation of map, 
symbols for rivers, hills, streets, etc. Draw outline maps 
and locate hills, ponds, principal streets, public buildings. 
Bound the town. 

(11) 



12 



B. Geologfy of Milton 

(The pupil should refer to the Boston and Dedham quad- 
rangles of the Topographic Map of the United States, pub- 
lished by the United'States Geological Survey, Washington, 
D.C., and sold at six cents per quadrangle. Most libraries 
and schools are supplied with these maps.) 

Q. What is the highest point in Milton, and how high is 
it above mean sea level ? 

Q. What is the lowest point, and what is its elevation? 

Q. What is the principal river of the region? What 
relation does this bear to the " lowest point " just sought? 
Why? 

Q. What are the principal tributaries of the river? 

Q. Where is the " head of navigation " on this river? 

Q. What are the names of the principal hills of the Blue 
Hills range? 

Q. Why is this range so high and rugged as compared 
with the surrounding country? 

A. Because it is composed of very resistant rocks, 
which crumble and waste away very slowly. 

Q. What are some of these resistant rocks ? 

A. Granite, quartz, porphyry, and felsite. 

Q. Which of these is most useful to man? 

A. Granite and felsite. The latter is an ancient lava, 
of a purplish color, marked with light wavy bands. It is 
used in building roads. 

Q. How has the Blue Hills range influenced travel and 
settlement ? 

(Note that Canton avenue curves around the end of the 
range, while Hillside street and Randolph avenue occupy 
the lowest passes to l)e found in it. Find the heights of 
these passes.) 

Find Arlington Heights, a group of abrupt hills north- 



13 

west of Boston. Between the Blue Hills and Arlington 
Heights lies the small area of lowland known as the Boston 
Basin. 

Q. How much of Milton lies within the Boston Basin? 

Q. AVhat kinds of rock compose the floor of the Boston 
Basin? 

A. Conglomerate (puddingstone), sandstone, and slate, 
with some remnants of old lava flows by which they were 
invaded and disturbed. 

Q. How were the conglomerate, sandstone, and slate 
formed ? 

A. As sedimentary deposits of materials derived from 
the neighboring highlands at a time when the sea covered 
the lowland. The conglomerate was formed as a coarse 
deposit near shore ; the sandstone as a finer deposit farther 
out ; the slate as an accumulation of very fine mud still 
farther from the land. Long-continued sinking of the 
region allowed these sediments to accumulate to great 
depths. 

Q. Of what kinds of rock are the pebbles in the con- 
glomerate ? 

A. Mainly granite and felsite. 

Q. Why are these sedimentary rocks not now found in 
continuous, even layers, except where disturbed by the lava 
flows ? 

A. Because by slow movements in the earth's crust 
these layers were in the course of ages so folded and ])roken 
that the pattern of the rocks is now very complex. 

Q. In what parts of Milton are these sedimentary rocks 
now found outcropping as ledges? 

Q. In what other parts of Milton are scattered fragments, 
or boulders, of these rocks found? 

Q. By what agency were these boulders lu'oken from 
the ledges and carried to distant points ? 



14 

A. By the great Ice sheet, which overspread northern 
North America many thousands of years ago, yet very 
recently as geological time is reckoned. 

Q. What other effects of the Ice Age are to be seen in 
Milton? 

A. Widespread deposits of gravel and sand ; bare 
ledges of granite, polished and scratched by the movement 
of ice and the dragging of rock fragments over them ; 
smooth oval hills or "drumlins," shaped out of boulder- 
clay (hard-pan) in a way not yet clearly understood ; and 
the prevailing disarrangement of the courses of the streams, 
which find themselves in many cases superposed upon rock 
ridges, so that rapids and gorges are formed. 

Q. In what way has this disarrangement of the streams 
been favorable to the development of manufacturing indus- 
tries? 

Q. What determined the location of villages at Milton 
Lower Mills and Mattapan? 

Q. If the rock ridges were completely cut through, and 
all mill-dams were removed, what would happen to the 
meadows along the upper course of the Neponset and 
along its tributaries ? 

Q. What geological changes are now going on in the 
region ? 

A. Slow folding and compression of the rocks, still in 
progress deep beneath the surface of the earth ; weathering, 
and erosion by streams, of the general surface, especially 
rapid on steep slopes ; the gradual subsidence of the coast 
(at a rate, just now, of about two feet per century), 
making estuaries at the mouths of rivers ; and the growth 
of marshes in protected parts of the estuaries, where 
deposits of mud accumulate and vegetation thrives. 



17 



C. The Settlement of Milton 
Q. What was the old name of Milton ? coiony 

Ilecords.v. 4, 

A. Unquatiquisset or Unquity. Dorchester 

Q. Why was it so called? Recm-d'/p. 102. 

A. The word is of Indian origin, signifying the head of Jf^^^l'n^^**'"^ 
tide-water. ^*' ^^• 

Q. Who were the earliest known inhabitants of Unquity ? 

A. The Indians. 

Q. What was the general appearance of the place before 
the white settlers came? 

A. A dense primeval forest threaded only by Indian wmthrop, His. 

., , , . J J toryofNew 

trans, cleared plains wavino- with maize, meadows and S"^^''"'*- 

*■ *- HutchinsoD, 

marshes with rank, uncut, native grass four or five feet §|j*g'°^''4°/ggjjg 
high, more numerous and larger watercourses, chief of^'^'P-^'^'^- 
which was the Neponset river, with matchless and varied 
beauty untouched save for the light canoe of the Indian in 
his journey to the falls in search of shad, alewives, etc. 

Q. When and how did the white settlei-s first come into 
possession of the land? 

A. In 1 036, by this means: Unquity was part of thegotony^ ^ ^ 
undivided land, granted In- Charles I. to the Massachusetts i'- ^^■-• 

® "^ Dorchester , 

Bay Colony. The General Court, which had jurisdiction Records, p. U2. 
in colonial affairs, upon request of the Dorchester pioneers 
granted the territory to the town of Dorchester in 163(5. 
To make the title doulily clear, at the same time the land 
was bought of the Indians for twenty-eight fathoms of 
wampum. 

Q. What use did the Dorchester settlers at first make of 
the Unquity lands? 

A. They cut timber from the woods for their houses and KyJo^^j'^g*'"" 
ships, and used the meadows as common pasture land for 
their cattle. 



18 



Dorchester 
Records, p. 7. 



Q. When and by whom was the first house built in 
Unquity ? 

A. Probably in 1634, by Richard Collicot. (This, how- 
ever, cannot be easily proved, as the records of deeds do 
not reach back as far as the original grants.) 

Q. Where did Collicot's house stand ? 

prietor8o°/Dor'. ^' ^^^ ^^^^ ^®^^ ®^^^ of Adams strcct near the junction 
ch|ter,v.2, " of Centre street. 

Q. Was the name of" Collicot " ever spelled differently? 
Milton Town A. The uamc was spelled in no less than twenty-one 
Colony different forms. 

Kecords. 



Probate 
Records of 
Suffolk. 



Suffolk Deeds 
V. 4, p. 208. 



Teele, History 
of Milton, p. 3S 



Colony 
Records, 
p. 50. 



A. 

hill. 

Q. 
A. 



D. The Separation of Milton from Dorchester 

Where did the pioneers of Unquity settle ? 
Principally on the " Country Highway" over Milton 



What were the chief occupations ? 
Farming, fur-trading, ship-building, and tanning. 
How large had the settlement become when they 
petitioned the General Court to be made a separate town ? 
A. About twenty families. 

Q. Why did they wish to form a town by themselves? 
A. Because of the inconvenience of attending religious 
and civil meetings at the distant Dorchester village. 

Q. When was Unquity incorporated as a separate town ? 
A. In 1662, — some time between May 7 and October 8. 
Q. What new name was given the town, and why? 
A. Milton — probably from Milton, England, in har- 
mon}'- with the general custom of naming New England 
towns for those of old Eno-land. 



21 



E. The Old Buildings of Milton 

Q. When was the first meeting-house in Milton built 
and where? 

A. The first meetinir-house in Milton (then Unnuitv), ^^^''^^ester 

, ., , -, 1 J / ' Records, p. 102 

was built as early as September, 1660, and stood on Adams 
street at the head of Churchill's lane. 

Q. Where did the early inhabitants attend church? 

A. In Dorchester. Dorchester 

Records. 

Q. \\ here was the first school-house probably located? 

A. The first school-house was probably on Milton Hill Teeie, History 

^ ^ of Milton, p. 

near Churchill's lane. The first school-houses of which ?J?,; ^ 

Milton iown 

there is actual record are the two built in the east and west ^.''262.'^'' ^- ^' 
ends of the town in 1718. 

Q. What were the dimensions of these buildin<rs ? MiitonTown 

^ ~ Records, v. 1, 

A. Sixteen feet by twenty feet. v-^ia. 

Q. What was taught in the first schools? 

A. The subjects tauo;ht were readins; and writinor. MiitonTown 

J S CO Records. 

Q. What was the Rising Sun Tavern? 
A. The Rising Sun Tavern was the building still stand- 
ing on the corner of Adams street and Canton avenue. 
Q. What other old Milton taverns are famous? 
A. Some of the other old Milton taverns were Atherton Teeie, History 

of Milton. 

Tavern, which, remodeled as a dwelling, still stands on the 
same spot on the corner of Canton avenue and Atherton 
street ; Bent Tavern and Bradlee Tavern, which previously 
occupied the same site ; Billings Tavern, called in the 
nineteenth century Blue Hill Tavern (a famed resort for 
sumptuous dinners), which stood on Canton avenue directly 
in front of Mr. Wainwright's house ; Clark's Tavern on 
Randolph avenue, now occupied by Mr. Richards ; Glover's 
Tavern on Milton Hill, now occupied by Mrs. Faucon ; 
Babcock Tavern in Milton village, since willed the Stanley 



22 

house ; and White's or Wild's Tavern, which stood near 
Mr. Copeland's, later was moved, and finally demolished. 

Q. What are some of the oldest houses now standing 
in Milton ? 
^/Mmon!*""^ A. Some of the oldest houses in Milton are the Tucker 
house on Brush Hill l)uilt by Robert Tucker before 1681, 
now owned by Mr. Joseph Whitney ; the Babcock house 
on Brook road built by Jonathan Babcock before 1694, now 
owned by Mr. J. Harvey Dudley ; the house on Ruggles 
lane, probably built by Robert Babcock, before 1694, now 
owned by Mr. T. E. Ruggles ; and the Stanley house, 
Milton village, built by William Babcock before 1732, 
lately occupied by Mrs. Saiford. 

Q. What are some of the historic houses no longer 
standing ? 

A. Governor Hutchinson's house on Milton Hill and 
Governor Belcher's house at East Milton. 

Q. What is the most interesting building in Milton, 
historically speaking ? 

A. The house in Milton village owned by Mr. N. M. 
Safibrd. 

Q. What important event occurred here ? 

A. The assembling of the Suflblk County congress — 
the county congresses being the tirst step in organized 
opposition to Great Britain at the beginning of the Revolu- 
tion. 

F. Transportation and Routes of Travel 
Q. What was the route of the old Indian trail through 
Milton? 
o/Miit^nfp'^ A. It ran from the Blue Hills to tide-water, along the 
Milton Leader, general course of Brush Hill road to Thacher's Plain, across 
Jan. 24, 1902. gpoo]^ ^oad through Columbine district, Ruggle's lane and 
Canton avenue, to Milton Lower Mills. 



25 

Q. What especial interest attaches itself to Thacher s 
Plain ? 

A. It was a corn-field of the Indians and later the home '^eeie, History 

- _, ^ r^, , ofMiltou.p.lSS. 

of Rev. Peter Thacher. 

Q. By what other name was it known in earlier days? 

A. Providence Plain. Suffolk Deeds, 



Q. What was the first recorded road in Milton? 



p. 



A. "Country Highway" or old Plymouth road, now DorcheBter _^ 
Adams street, laid out in l«i54 by the inhabitants of Dor- **'°' '"'''' ' 
Chester from Braintree bounds (now Quincy) over Milton 
hill through Dorchester to Roxbury line. 

Q. Was there any pathway before this road? 

A. " Country Highway " was laid out over the old trail 
or pathway that had existed from earliest times between 
Massachusetts Bay and Plymouth Colony. 

Q. What was the great obstacle that confronted travel 
between Dorchester and Braintree ? 

A. The crossing of the Neponset river. 

Q. W^here were the early fords of the river ? 

A. One at Milton Lower Mills, a short distance above 
the present bridge, and another at Mattapan west of the 
bridge that now spans the river. 

Q. What ancient roads are in the eastern part of the 
town ? 

A. The old road to Squantum and the old way now Mass. Bay 

-* '' Colony 

almost etiaced that led off from Squantum road to the first Records, v. i, 

p. 12i. 

landing on Gulliver's creek. 

Q. What ancient ways now extinct formed a highway of 
the town for more than ninety years? 

A. The old road around Wigwam Hill on the west, laid Town Records, 
out in 1764, which, united with a road of still earlier date, Hi^j^^yp"* 2( 
formed a highway from Pine Tree brook to the meeting- 
house, Vose's lane. 



pp. 206. 

248. 



26 

Q. When was the first bridge across Nepouset river 
built? 

A. In 1634 by Israel Stoughton. This was probabl}^ 
only a foot-bridge. In 1655 a sufficient cart bridge was 
built. 

Q. What other means of communication was established 
between the bay and the Plymouth Colonies in early days ? 
Oct! 26 ^907.'^' •^- ^ ferry across Neponset river between Dorchester 
and Braintree. 

Q. What eflect did the building of Plymouth road have 
on the ferry between Dorchester and Braintree ? 
Re9oivM*'im°^ ^- '^^^ ferry was abandoned for the more convenient 
chap. 26. 1-oute over Milton Hill and across the l)ridge at Milton 

Lower Mills. 

Q. What other roads are recorded as laid out l)efore 
Milton was incorporated as a town? 
Dorchester A. lu 1660 a road following the general lines of Canton 

Records, pp. f O 

Tetil^^History avcnuc, and probably as far as its junction with Brook 
i9ofm"' ^^' road ; and in 1660-1661 a road along the lines of Churchill's 
lane. 

Q. What was the first recorded road l)uilt after Milton 
was incorporated as a town ? 
A. Pleasant street, in 1669. 

Q. When was Brush Hill road laid out as a highwaj^? 
J/mito^^^Se. ^' I^^ 1676-1677, from the ford at the Neponset river, 
Mattapan, along the cattle beat to the ox-pen, which stood 
near where Brook road crosses the parkway, and thence up 
the " beaten rode," originally the course of the Indian trail, 
to the way leading to the Blue Hill meadows. Brush Hill 
road was widened and made more convenient in 1706. 
Q. What was the ox-pen? 
RecOTdl.'p! 62. ^' "^^ enclosure where oxen and steers, pastured in the 
vicinity by the Dorchester proprietors of the common lands, 
were driven and held at ni^ht. 



27 

Q. AVhen was the road to Neponset river at Mattapan 
laid out? 

A. In 1712 a road was laid out that led from the ox-pen '^/^i?; n^tory 

1 of Miltoii, 

to the river " where there is to be a cart-bridge erected." i'- '^'^■^■ 
Q. When was the bridge at Mattapan built? 
A. "There had been a bridge of some kind at this point Teeie, History 

'■ of Milton, p. 360. 

for many years, probably a foot-bridge near the ford to ^''i^|^^'"'=^^^^^> 
accommodate farmers in reaching the ox-pen," and mill^'^- 
owners must have had a private bridge ; l)ut the county 
bridge was not built until 173(). 

Q. When was Canton avenue laid out? 

A. In 1G80 it was voted to build a cart l)rido;e over Pine Teeie, History 

^ of Milton, p. 197. 

Tree l)rook and lay out a public way from thence to the Teeie, Historical 

•f l J Jsarrations, 

head of Vose's lane. "March 20, 1723-1724, Canton p-*^^- 
avenue was laid out a second time, and built from the old 
Atherton tavern, to near Nathaniel Pitcher s house (corner 
Thacher street), one and a half rods on each side of the 
parallel line." 

Q. Why Avas this called Pine Tree bridge? 

A. Because foot travel at an earlier date crossed the Te^ie History 

ofMilton, 

brook on a large pine tree felled across it. "From this cir-P-i*^^. 
cumstance the stream at this point from the earliest times 
has borne the name of ' Pine Tree Brook.' " 

Q. When was the road extended to Canton? 

A. In 1681, "a year after the road was open from the Teeie, mstory 

' "^ '^ ofJMilton, 

pine trees to the meeting-house, it was extended to thepWT. 
Dorchester line (now Canton)." 

Q. By what names had Canton avenue been known? 

A. INIiddle street. Old Taunton road, Washington 
street, and the road to Stoughton. 

Q. By what name has Highland street been known? 

A. The road to Bridgewater. '"SV"';"!''' 

Q. When were Hillside and Highland streets laid out? 



A. They are a part of the road laid out in 1713. 

Q. What turnpike roads were built in the early part of 
the nineteenth century? 

A. Blue Hill or Randolph turnpike, now Randolph 
avenue, was located in 1804-5 ; and Brush Hill turnpike, 
now Blue Hill avenue, in 1805-9. 

Q. Where did the toll house stand on Blue Hill turn- 
pike, now Randolph avenue? 

A. On the west side between the Baptist Chapel and 
Clark's tavern. 

Q. Where did the toll house stand on Brush Hill turn- 
pike ? 

A. On the northeast corner of Blue Hill avenue and 
Robbins street. Later it was moved to the Sumner land 
opposite and is now the residence of Mr. Gilbert Sumner. 

Q. When and where was the first railroad in Milton 
built? 

A. The first railroad in America was that built by the 
Granite Railwaj^ Company from the quarries in Quincy to 
the Neponset river, a distance of about three and one-half 
miles. " Work was commenced the first day of April, 1826, 
and on the seventh day of October following, the first train 
of cars passed over the whole road." 

Q. How was the road operated? 

A. It was a gravity road, the cars being hauled from 
the landing to the quarries by horses. 

Q. What was the reason for building the road at that 
time ? 

A. The more economical transportation of granite for 
the construction of Bunker Hill Monument. 

Q. When was East Milton given railroad facilities? 
win^or^Memo- ^, xhc frauchisc of the Granite Railway was purchased 
BoetoD, V. 4, Yyy the Old Colony Railroad Company in 1870, and a modern 



31 

railroad was ))uilt ou the right of way. This was formally 
opened for traffic on Oct. 9, 1871, forty-five years and two 
days after the original opening in 1826. 

Q. AVhen was the Granite Bridge turnpike built? 

A. In 1837 a charter was sfranted to the Granite Brid('-e^''i'<"iTown 

^ O Report, 1895, 

Company to build a turnpike from Adams street to thei'-*^' 
Neponset river, and to build a bridge over said river. The 
road or turnpike, not proving a paying investment, was 
abandoned by the corporation in 1865. The same year the 
County took possession of said turnpike and relocated it. 

Q. What early stage routes passed through Milton? 

A. The Plymouth and Taunton stages. 

Q. What roads did they follow? 

A. The Plymouth stage at first followed Plymouth road, 
came through Milton village and over Milton Hill to Quincy 
and beyond. The Taunton stage at first followed the same 
route to Canton avenue and then proceeded by way of Old 
Taunton road (Canton avenue) to Canton and beyond. 

Q. When was a stage coach between Milton and Boston 
established ? 

A. The followins: notice is from Isaiah Thomas's Alman-Ti'omas Mass., 
ack of 1799: "Dorchester and Milton stage starts every N;H.^«j;d^yer-^ 
day from Mayor Forbe's tavern at four o'clock afternoon, 
and arrives in Boston every day at nine o'clock morning." 

In the Almanac of 1801 under" Stage Waggons " is the 
following notice : 

" Dorchester and Milton Waggon for conveyance of goods 
starts from and arrives at King's tavern every day, Sundays 
excepted." 

Q. When was the Dorchester and Milton branch of the 
Old Colony Railroad constructed? 

A. In 1847, with stations at Milton Lower Mills and 
ISIattapan. 



32 

Q. When was the first location for an electric car line 
granted ? 

A. To the Qiiincy and Boston Street Railway in 1895 in 
Willard street, East Milton. To the Milton and Brockton 
Street Railway a franchise was granted and accepted in 
1898. The latter was opened for travel July 11, 1899. 
Both roads are now a part of the Old Colony Street Rail- 
Avay System. 

Q. What other electric street railway was built later? 

A. The charter of the Milton Street Railway Company 
was filed and recorded March 26, 1903. The deed of the 
property and the franchise of the company to the Blue Hill 
Street Railway Company w^as dated and executed Aug. 17, 
1903. The road was open to the public on Sunday, Aug. 
16, 1903. 

Q. What park or driveways have been made in Milton 
in recent years ? 

A. April 24, 1896, the selectmen voted to consent to 
the taking, by the Metropolitan Park Commissioners, of 
Mattapan street, parts of Blue Hill avenue and Canton 
avenue, and Harland street, for the Blue Hill parkway. 
July 2, 1897, the selectmen concurred in taking by the 
Metropolitan Park Commissioners of some seven acres of 
land along the Neponset river near Paul's bridge, through 
which was constructed Neponset River parkway. 

G. Slavery in Milton 
Q. When were slaves first introduced into Massachu- 
setts ? 
^*siave?y^^r^ "^- "^^^ earliest records of slavery in ^Massachusetts are 
Mass., p. 1. jj^ ^Yie time of the Pequod war in 1637. 

Q. When was slavery first recognized in Massachusetts 
law ? 



33 
A. In 1()41 the first code of laws of Massachusetts, ?'.?^^- '^"'ly "f 

' Liberties, Sect. 

known as the Code of Fundamentals or Body of Liberties of ^^• 
the Massachusetts Colony in New England recognized the 
institution of slavery. 

Q. Were there any slaves in Milton? 

A. Peter Thacher, the first minister in Milton, owned church Records 

of I'eter 

one Indian woman, also a ne^ro woman sent to him by his ^I'^'i'i^fV,"^- 

~ •^ 10, liOl, July 

sister from Jamaica, and at least three others born in the ^\^.;,VJ|Jpj.^gr 
house. In 1754 there were in Milton nineteen negro slaves peu.' papulation 
above sixteen years of age. In 1765 there were forty- pl.^l'pt'Ms^ 
seven negroes and mulattoes, but possibly some of these ceLus' Making 

^ in Mass, 

were tree. Appendix, Cen. 

sua of 1765. 

Q, Is there any evidence as to the money value of a 
slave in Milton? 

A. In IGltl, Enoch Badcock of Milton bought "a Xcm-o wiii of Peter 

"" ° Thacher. 

Mann named Jack of ve age of Twenty-eaight Yeares " for Receipt in the 

• '^ ./ o possession ot 

twenty- nine pounds. Peter Thacher valued his negro gii'l Hawelo?' 
at fifty-five pounds and his two negro boys at one hundred ,^;^'J[°°ijigtory 
and twenty-one pounds. There is extant also a receipt p^ 216.^°°' 
given by Elizabeth Wadsworth of Milton, June 7, 1747, for 
the sum of one hundred and forty pounds, old tenor, for a 
"negro fello abought eighteen years of age." In 1761, 
" servants for life " were taxed in Milton at three pounds 
each . 

Q. How were these slaves employed? 

A. As household servants. 

Q,. Was any effort made to convert them to Christianity? 

A. Yes. Part of the upper gallery in the meeting- H^^Zl^iiti 
house was reserved for their use. During Peter Thacher's church iiccords 
ministry alone several slaves were baptized and one wasThache'i-. 
received into the full communion of the church. 

Q. When was slavery abolished in Massachusetts? 

A. Slavery was never formally prohibited by the 



34 

legislature of Massachusetts, but the Declaration of Rights 

in the State Constitution of 1780 contained these words : 

r>eaue, Slavery " All men are born free and equal, and have certain natural 

in Mass. ^ 

essential and inalienable rights, among which may be 
reckoned the right of enjoying and defending their lives 
and liberties." This declaration was not apparently intended 
at the time as a prohibition of slavery, but it fairly repre- 
sented the public sentiment of the community and was soon 
used as the basis of legal decisions by which revolted slaves 
Moore, Slavery wcrc liberated from their masters. In the United States 

in Mass.} p. 247. 

Census of 1790 no slaves were reported in Massachusetts. 

(Xote : Several documents illustrative of slavery in Milton 
are still in existence. ]\Irs. Frederick Hamlin has a receipt, 
a bill of sale, and a ])ill of lading recording transactions in 
slaves of Enoch Badcock. The wills of several citizens of 
Milton include slaves in their inventory of property, e.g.^ 
wills of Enoch Badcock, Samuel Miller, Peter Thacher, 
Thomas Swift, and John Wadsworth. The Milton Records 
also record several slave marriages.) 

H. Milton in the Wars 
Milton in the lievolution 
Q. What is the first record of dissatisfaction in jNIilton 
with the English Government of the Colonies? 
Tceie, History A. A mass uieetino; on the Church Green, iust before 

of Miltou, & ' •' 

p-^1^- the Stamp Act was to take effect, is recorded Oct. 24, 1765. 

Q. Who was the most prominent citizen of Milton at 
the opening of the Revolution? 
Hoatner, Life of A. Thomas Hutchiusou, the last civil Governor of the 

Hutchinson, ' 

p. 85. Province of Massachusetts Bay, of which he was also the 

historian. 

Hosmer, in his life of Hutchinson, p. 85, calls his '' His- 
tory of Massachusetts Bay" a work which still is and will 
always remain the first authority respecting the l)eginnings 
of New England. 



37 

Tyler, in his " Literary History of the American Revohi- TMer, Hif^tory 
tion," V. 2, chap. XXXIX., p. 395, says : "It is far from %£"'^^"""^- 2. 
being a reason for abating anything from the glory due to 
such achievements in historical literature that they were but 
the recreation and by-play of a most laborious man of 
afiairs, who, as politician, legislator, and magistrate, was 
from manhood to old age in the thick of nearly all impor- 
tant business pertaining to the interests of his country ; who, 
prior to 1765, was incomparably the most popular and influ- 
ential statesman in New England, and who, from the year 
of the Stamp Act until that of his own death in London, 
fifteen years afterwards, was the most powerful American 
Statesman in the ranks of the Loyalist Party." 

See also Mass. Historical Society Proceedings, v. 3, 
p. 147. 

For his financial services see Hosmer (Life of Hutchin- 
son) chap. II., and Tyler (Literary History of the American 
Revolution), v. 2, p. 396. The latter says: "The burn- 
ing question in politics at that time (1737) was public 
finance, a subject on which Thomas Hutchinson was prob- 
ably the greatest master in America prior to Rol^ert Morris, 
Pelatiah Webster, and Alexander Hamilton." 

Q. What were his views on taxation ? 

A. In his " Diary and Letters," v. 2, p. 58, he wrote : " I 
ever thought the taxing of America by Parliament not 
advisable, but as a servant of the Crown, I thought myself 
bound to discountenance the violent opposition made to the 
(Stamp) Act, as it led to the denial of its (Parliament's) 
authority in all cases whatsoever." 

Q. What connection had Milton with the tea? 

A. Two of the Governor's sons were consignees. Fran- Hutchinson, 

Diary and 

cis Rotch, owner of the "Dartmouth," visited the Governor Leuers, v. 1. 
at Milton on the evening of December 16 to ask for a per- ^'^jf pp^isg-ios. 



38 

mit to pass the Castle, which was refused as the vessel was 
not cleared. 

Q. "Why did Governor Hutchinson leave America ? 

Ky mT' ^' ^^^ ^^'^y ^^' Greneral Gage arrived to supersede him 

Letters, p. 157. £^j, ^ time, and on June 1, 1774, Governor Hutchinson left 
his dearly loved Milton home, and shortly after sailed with 
his family for England, hoping by personal communication 
to place the affiiirs of the Colony clearly before the King. 
He was destined never to succeed and died in exile on 
May 15, 1779. In the Diary he says, alluding to those 

oFA^m^lTs^^ who did not wish to return to America : " I have more of 

vXp^^os.' the Athenian in me, and though I know not how to reason 
upon it, I feel a fondness to lay my bones in my native 

vafp-^r'' land." John Fiske says of him: "The grand old Tory 
Governor we no longer scout as a turn-coat and traitor, but 
we honor him for the conscientious steadfastness with which 
he pursued a policy which we nevertheless pronounced 
mistaken." 

Q. AVhat memorable event occurred shortly after his 
departure ? 

Tee^«^H«iory j^ Qj^ g^p^ 9^ 1774^ ^t the homc of Daniel Vose, Gen. 

P' *^^" Joseph AVarren presented a paper, known as the Suffolk 

Resolves. On October 28, the Governor made the follow- 
ing entry in his Journal : "By a vessel from Philadelphia, 
advice of certain resolves of a Committee of Towns in the 

Tyler, History Countv of SufFolk, which had been adopted bv the Cono-ress 

of American '' . , ^' 

Revolution. j^^ Philadelphia, are more alarming than anything which has 

yet been done." 

Q. What connection had Milton with the Battle of 

Lexington? 
J/Mfiton^*°'^^ ^- Capt. Ebenezer Tucker with fifty-one citizens marched 
Tetie,' History to intercept the enemy. Muster Rolls of Milton during the 
p!^^'""' Revolution under the following officers, Capt. John Brad- 



39 

ley, Capt. Daniel Yose, Capt. Oliver Yose, Capt. Josiali 
Yose, Capt. Joseph Yose, will be found in the History of 
Milton. 

Q. When did the town declare for independence ? 

A. On May 28, 1776, it was voted that Mr. Ralph Teeie, Huiory 

of Milton, 

Houghton, Capt. James Boies and Dr. Samuel Gardiner p-^"- 
should draw up instructions for the representatives of the 
town to this etiect. 

Q. What part did the town take in connection with the 
fortification of Dorchester Heights V 

A. They turned out en masse, and supplied fascines cut T«eie, History 

'' 'II of Miltoii, pp. 

from the farm of Capt. John Homans. For an account of*'^'- ^36,438. 
Major Yose's raid see Teele, History of Milton, p. 435. 
For Milton's connection with the Revolution after the evac- 
uation of Boston, see History of Milton, p. 438. 



Milton in the War of 1812 

Q. Who was the most prominent Milton man in the 
War of 1812? 

A. Josiah H. Yose. He had the rank of ca))tain during Teeie, History 

^ '- of Milton, p. 441. 

the war, and was in active service at Portsmouth, Sackett's 
Harbor, and in Canada. He was promoted to the rank of 
major at the close of the war. 

Q. Did Milton have any other representative in the 
regular army ? 

A. Edwin Yose Sumner entered the army as a private Boston Evening 

Journal, March 

during the war. He was not born in Milton, but as he was^- I'^i, p.4,coi. 
educated in the Milton schools and came of an old Milton 
family he may fairly be claimed as a representative of the 
town. 

Q. Did Milton citizens take part in the war as volun- 
teers ? 



40 

J/Mliton!pi7 A. There were companies of Milton men enrolled and 
' '■ ready for .service, but none of them were called upon to 

tight. 



Milton in the Mexican War 

Q. How many ]Milton men took part in the war with 
Mexico ? 
fe^s^ionofthe' ^' Two men from Milton took part in the campaign 
famuy. which ended in the capture ot the City of ]\Iexico, both of 

whom later achieved a remarkable record in the regular 
army. Edward Collins, afterward Colonel Collins, served 
on the Rio Grande in the company of sappers and miners. 
His company was transferred to Mexico under General 
Scott. He was present at the capture of Vera Cruz, at the 
battles of Cerro Gordo, Jalapa, Perote, Puebla, Contreras, 
Valenca, Churubusco, Molino del Rey, Chepultepec, and at 
the capture of the City of Mexico. It was in the latter 
city, Sept. 14, 1847, that he received his tirst promotion as 
a non-commissioned officer in the regulars. Edwin Vose 
Sumner, afterward General Sumner, went to Mexico as 
cyciopaediaof Maior of the 2d Drao:oons. At the battle of Cerro Gordo 

American Biog- •■' & 

183.^^' ^' *' ^' h® ^^d ^ regiment of mounted riflemen in a charge that 

made him famous. At Contreras and Churubusco he was in 

command of the reserves, and at Molino del Rey his men 

checked the attack of five thousand Mexican lancers. 

umtms'^N?!''" After each of these engagements his superior officers made 

co^ngn'ss*? spccial mention in their official reports of his skill and 

jouruaifMardf courage. During the war he received promotion and two- 

coi. 1. '^"" brevets for his brilliant conduct. 



43 



Milton in the Civil War 

Q. What measures were adopted ])y the town of Milton 
on the news of the outbreak of the war? 

A. Five thousand dollars were at once appropriated to Muton Town 
prepare citizens for military service and to aid the support ^^^'"'''''' '^®^' 
of the ftimilies of those who should enter the public 
service. It was voted that the male inhabitants of the 
town not enrolled in the volunteer company be expected to 
form a Home Brigade as a reserve force. 

Q. How much money was expended for war purposes by 
the town from 1861-1865? 

A. About $27, 7(U. MiltonTown 

/\ TT r. . , , , Report, 1886. 

Q. How many men were furnished by IVIdton for the 
war ? 

A. Milton furnished al)0ut two hundred and eiirhtv- schouier, Mass. 

, /. '- "^ in the Civil 

seven men, which was a surplus of twenty-tive over and '^^^a'". ^- 33, p. 

*■ "^ 509. 

above all demands. Twenty were commissioned officers. 

Q. What officers from Milton were brevetted for dis- 
tinoruished service as volunteers durino; the war? 

A. Lieut. -Col. A. S. Badger was brevetted Colonel mggiuson, 
U.S. Volunteers "for faithful and meritorious services Army and Navy, 

V. 2, p. 504. 

during the campaign against the city of ^Mobile and its 
defences." 

Capt. Walter S. Davis was Ijrevetted Maior U.S.V. H's^iusoi- 

>■ •' Mass. in the 

"for gallant service at the l)attle of Jericho Ford, Va.,"^''™>;f^^^^^=*^'y' 
and was made Lieut. -Col. U.S.Y. by brevet "for gallant 
services at the battle of Peebles Farm, Va." 

Capt. Abiiah Hollis was made Maior U.S.V. l)y l)revct Hia;<,nnson, 
" for gallant and meritorious conduct m the assault before Army and Navy, 

O V. 2, p. 5:i2. 

Petersburg, Va." 

Q. What officer from Milton received the greatest 
numl)er of promotions during the war? 



44 

nSnThe ^' Lieut. -Col. William H. Forbes : Second Lieutenant^ 

tXp'2B^''^' 1st Mass. Cavalry, Dec. 26, 1861 ; First Lieutenant, July 
27, 1862; Captain, 2d Mass. Cavalry, Jan. 14, 1863; 
Major, May 12,1863; Lieutenant-Colonel, Oct. 21,1864. 
Q. Name some officers brevetted for distinguished ser- 
vice, who became citizens of Milton after the war. 
Higginson X. Col. Hcnry S. Russell was made Brio-. -Gen. U.S.V. 

Mass. in the ■-' O 

v.'2^p.*554!^^'^^ ' '^y brevet " for faithful and meritorious services during the 
war, and particularly for distinguished gallantry and good 
conduct at Baylor's Farm before Petersburg, Va., June 15, 

Hifiginson, 1864." Licut.-Col. Robert H. Stevenson was brevetted 

Mass. ill the 

Army and Navy, (jyioj-^ei U.S.V. and Brig.-Gcn. U.S.V. "for gallant and 

V. Zj p. DOo. ~ C 

meritorious services at the battle of Roanoke Island and 
New Berne, N.C., and for gallant and meritorious services 
during the war." 

Q. What services were rendered in the war by Lieut. 
Huntington Frothingham Wolcott, in whose honor the 
Milton post of the G.A.R. is named? 
Teeie History A. Hc scrvcd as aid to Brig. -Gen. Gibbs during 

of Milton, c r> 

pp. 454, 455. Sheridan's campaign south of Richmond, and was especially 
commended for his conduct in the battles of Five Forks, 
Dinwiddle Court House, and Clover Hill. Later he served 
in North Carolina under General Sheridan in cooperation 
with Sherman's army. 

Q. Who was the tirst man to go to the war from Milton ? 

Hanson, History ^_ Algernon S. Badger, afterwards Colonel Badger, 

of the Sixth O O ' & ' 

Regiment, p.iig.^^g in the 6th Regiment Massachusetts Infantry (Militia), 

which left Boston April 17, 1861. 

Q. What service was rendered in the regular army by 

representatives of Milton ? 
Cyciopsediaof A. BriiT.-Gen. Edwin Vose Sumner was put in charge 

American *- x o 

Biog>-aphy, of the first corps of the Army of the Potomac in 1862, and 
commanded the left wing at the siesfe of Yorktown. He 



47 
was enojaffed in all the battles on the Chickahominy and Boston Evening 

■^ ^ *' tlournal, June 6, 

won special distinction at the battle of Fair Oaks, Va., ^^^-•P•*''^°'•^• 
when his corps saved General McClellan's left wing from 
rout. General McClellan in an official despatch referred 
to his services as " valuable and brilliant." Mr. James 
Ford Rhodes, the historian, says: "General Sumner saved i^hodesiiistory 

' ' "^ of the U.S., 

the day at Fair Oaks." He was brevetted Major-General^-^-p-^^- 
for his conduct in this battle. He also played a prominent ff^,*'h'i''u.s!r'"^^ 
part in the battles of Antietam and Fredericksburg. After ly:*'^'^''^'^'^^*' 
the latter battle he was appointed to the command of the xeeie, History 
Department of the West, but he died before he could ^se!^'^^""' ^'" 
assume his duties. Lieut. -Col. Edward Collins and ten xeeie, History 

/. -. r-i 1 1 • 1 1 of Milton, p. 

privates from jlilton also served m the regular army. 464. 

Q. How many Milton men died in the war? 

A. The memorial tablet at the town hall records the 
names of twenty-four men. 

Q. What was done by private enterprise in Milton to 
meet the demands of the war ? 

A. Citizens of all ages and conditions contributed ■^^^JJ°^"jYse'5? 
freely. A recruiting fund was raised by voluntary sub- 
scription. Additional bounties were paid to volunteers by 
private citizens. Money for the sanitary commission was 
raised by private theatricals, children's fairs, and by 
numerous contributions. 

Q. What notable services were rendered by private 
individuals during the war ? 

A. Mr. John M. Forbes served as a special commis-[^^[be|- J^/^- 
sioner to England, and throughout the war placed his time Recollections. 
and his business sagacity unreservedly at the service of the 
state. Capt. Robert B. Forbes organized a Coast Guard f.-^.-^^R^B.^ 
and in other ways labored to increase the naval efficiency of^'i'-^''^-^^^- 
the Government. Mr. Edward L. Pierce in his work for Addresses. " 
the freedmen at Fortress Monroe and Port Royal and in 



Milton Town 
Report, 1865. 



48 

reports and addresses on the treatment of freedmen materi- 
ally aided their cause. 

Q. What was done by the women of Milton ? 

A. The Milton branch of the Sanitary Commission 

made generous contributions to the comfort of the soldiers. 

Miss Amelia Russell was a nurse at Fort Schuyler. Miss 

LeueM'^i'd^'* Emma Ware was nurse in charge of a ward in the Armory 

J'i>?3l2."°"'''' Square Hospital at Washington. Miss Harriet Ware con- 

AddreUes. '' ductcd a school for freedmen at Cotiin Point, St. Helena 

Island. 

Q. What noted abolitionist is buried in Milton ? 
A. Wendell Phillips, the noted anti-slavery orator, 
spent several summers in Milton and is buried in Milton 
cemetery. 

MiJton in the SjJanish War 

Q. What men from Milton enlisted for the Spanish War? 

A. Harry Berry, Battery K, 7th U.S. Heavy Artillery, 
U.S. v., stationed in New York Harbor; Winslow Clark, 
1st U.S. V. Cavalry, stationed in Cuba; James W. Dona- 
hue, 9th Mass. Infantry, stationed in the United States and 
Cuba ; Charles S. Ford, 8th ISIass. Infantry, stationed in 
the United States and Cuba ; Frank L. Richards, Battery 
K, 1st Mass. Heavy Artillery, U.S.V., stationed at Fort 
Warren, Boston Harbor, and at Fort Stage, Gloucester, 
Mass. ; Roger. Wolcott, Battery A, 1st Mass. Heavy Artil- 
lery, U.S. v., stationed at Fort Warren, Boston Harl^or, at 
the Mining Case-mate, Xahant, at Fort Pickering, Salem, 
and at the State Camping-ground at South Framingham, 
Mass. 

Q. Did any men from jNIilton take part in the important 
engagements of the war? 
Wheeler. San- ^^ Jauics Douahuc scrvcd as a Corporal at the siege of 

tias<o Campaign, '^ >- 

pp. 30,81. Santiago. Winslow Clark enlisted in the "Rough Riders" 



49 

as a private in C Troop in San Antonio, just before the 
departure for Tampa, Ma}^ 29, 1898. During tlie first 
engagement of the troop at Las Guasimas he acted as 
Adjutant's orderly. In the famous battle of San J.uan he 
occupied a prominent position on the Major's statf. During 
that battle he was one of the five men who followed Lieut. - 
Col. Roosevelt in the charge on the second hill. He was seri- 
ously wounded in that charge and lay in the field hospital 
until July 13, when he was brought back to New York on 
the hospital ship "Relief." For his conduct in the battle of 
San Juan he was oflicially commended for " great gallantry " 
by Lieut. -Col. Roosevelt and especially commended by Maj.- 
Gen. AVheeler in indorsement of the report of Lieut. -Col. 
Roosevelt. He was given a certificate of merit by the War 
Department in recognition of his services. He left the 
service with the rank of Sergeant, but in August, 1899, he 
was given a commission as Lieutenant in the 11th Cavalry, 
U.S.A., with orders for the Philippines. This commission 
he declined for family reasons. 

Q. Were any women from Milton in the service of the 
War Department ? 

A. Miss Josephine Shepherd was an army nurse in the 
3d Division Hospital, Panama Park, Florida, and in the 2d 
Division Hospital, Havana, Cuba. 

L Government 
Q. In what country do you live? 
Q. Why do you love your country? 
Q. What is a patriot? 

A. A patriot is a person who loves his country, is loyal 
to its best interests, and gives to it his best service. 
Q. What qualities has a patriot? 
Q. AVhat qualities does a patriot lack? 



50 

Q. What should a patriot know? 

A. A patriot should know the history of his country, 
its form of government, and the best ways of making it 
better, safer, and stronger. 

Q. What is a flag? 

A. A flag is a piece of cloth, usually bunting, either 
plain or bearing a device, and is commonly used to stand as 
an emblem of nationality. 

Q. What is the design of the flag of your country? 

Q. In what State do you live? In what county? In 
what town ? 

Q. What kind of people did the flrst settlers find in 
Milton? 

A. Indians. 

Q. What was their appearance ? 

Q. Of what town was Milton once a part? 

A. Of the town of Dorchester. 

Q. Why was a division made ? 

A. Owing to the meager religious privileges enjoyed by 
that portion of Dorchester lying south of the Neponset 
river, the town for many years prior to the establishment 
of the town of Milton granted the people of that section 
liberty to maintain their own ministry, and exempted them 
from paying a proportionate part of the salary of Mr. 
Mather. This consideration and the fact that the river was 
a barrier between the more numerous residents north of the 
Neponset and the scattered population south of it, which 
prevented the latter from receiving the full benefits and 
protection of the central government, influenced them to 
seek to become a separate town. To this idea Dorchester 
readily assented, and Milton was set ofi" as a town by itself. 

Q. When was Milton incorporated as a separate town? 



^ tti- 

/ ■" '■ 

i. 


1 [ J , 






w ^'.■^' 



A. In 16»)2. 

Q. Who is the source of authority at home? 

A. The parents. 

Q. Who is the source of authority in school? 

A. The teacher. 

Q. Why are rules needed in school ? 

Q. What is the meaning of the word government? 

A. The word govern comes from a Latin word which 
means to steer, pilot, or govern. The word government 
means the act of steering, piloting, or governing. 

Q. Why is it necessary to have government in town, 
state, and country? 

A. Government is necessary to regulate the conduct of 
people, to protect persons and property against the 
unscrupulous and the dangerous, to preserve order, and to 
promote the public welfare. 

Q. What would happen if people were allowed to do as 
they please? 

A. There would be uncertainty, confusion, and injus- 
tice, and the people would in time become savages. 

Q. What is a democracy? 

A. A democracy is a form of government in which the 
supreme powder is retained and directly exercised by the 
people. 

Q. What is a republic? 

A. A republic is a form of government in which the 
people rule through their chosen representatives. 

Q. What form of government has your country and 
State? Your town? 

Q. How are representatives to State and national 
government chosen ? 

A. Representatives and senators to the State legislature 
and United States representatives are chosen by the direct 



54 

vote of the people in the districts which they are to repre- 
sent. United States senators are chosen by the State 
legislature, two for the State. 

Q. To what congressional district does Milton belong? 
To what senatorial district? To what representative 
district ? To w4iat councillor district ? 

A. Tenth congressional district. First Norfolk sena- 
torial district. Fourth Norfolk representative district. 
Second councillor district. 

Q. Who is now President of the United States? 
Governor of the State? Congressman of your district? 
Your State senator? Your representative to the general 
court? The councillor for your district? 

Q. What is a town ? 

A. A town is a corporate body occupying a definite 
portion of territory and exercising local jurisdiction under 
the control of the State. — Martin. 

Q. What is a county? A State? A city? 

Q. Could Milton be a city ? 

Q. What two-fold function does the town have? 

A. To manage its local affairs, and to act as the servant 
of the State in the enforcement of certain State laws and 
the carrying on of certain State business. 

Q. What is the most important and most characteristic 
political feature of a Massachusetts town ? 

A. The town meeting. 

Q. What business is done at town meetings? 

A. Town meetings are held for the following purposes ; 

(a) To elect town officers for the ensuing year. 

(b) To elect county. State, and national officials. 

(c) To discuss general town affairs, and to 

consider and enact administrative meas- 
ures and by-laws. 

(d) To appropriate money for public expenses. 



I 



55 

Q. Where are Milton town meetings held? 

A. In the town hall. 

Q. Where were they held in early days? 

A. They were held at the church, which was called a 
meeting-house. 

Q. When was the tirst Milton town meeting held, and 
for what purpose ? 

A. In 1662 (?). 

Q. How often are town meetings held? 

A. At least once a year, and oftener if necessary. 

Q. When is the annual town meeting held? 

A. It is held upon the tirst Monday of March in each 
year. 

Q. How many town meetings did Milton hold last year? 

Q. How are town meetings called? 

A. Through a warrant issued by the selectmen. 

Q. What is a warrant ? 

A. A warrant is a document issued by the selectmen, 
directing the constaljles of the town to notify the legal 
voters of a meeting to be held in the town hall at the time 
specified therein, and containing a statement of the Inisiness 
for which the meeting is called. 

Q. How does the constable notify the voters? 

A. By posting attested copies of the warrant in each of 
the post-offices of the town at least fourteen days, and by 
leaving printed copies thereof at the dwelling-houses in the 
town at least four days before the day of such meeting. 

Q. What is the warrant committee? 

A. A committee composed of fifteen legal voters of the 
town. 

Q. By whom is it appointed? 

A. It is appointed by the moderator of the town 
meeting. 



56 

Q. What are its duties ? 

A. It is the duty of the warrant committee to inform 
itself concerning those affairs and interests of the town, 
the subject matter of which is generally included in the 
warrants for the town meetings, and to report in print 
before all such town meetings its estimates and recom- 
mendations for the action of the town. 

Q. Where and how often does it meet? 

A. The warrant committee meets within two weeks after 
its appointment tor organization, and as often after that as 
may be necessary. 

Q. What part does it take in the town meeting? 

A. In addition to its printed report the chairman of the 
committee may give reasons for its recommendations on any 
matter before the meeting. 

Q. What steps does a citizen take to have any particular 
item of business introduced into the warrant? 

A. He must present his article to the selectmen, signed 
by at least ten legal voters of the town. 

Q. W^ho presides at a town meeting? 

A. The moderator. 

Q. Who elects him? 

A. The voters of the town. 

Q. Who can vote at town meetings ? 

A. A voter must be a man twenty-one years old or over, 
who has resided in the State at least one year, and in the 
town at least six months, who is registered, and who is not 
a pauper (unless an honorably discharged United States 
soldier or sailor), nor a person under guardianship, and 
who can read the State constitution and sign his name. A 
woman citizen may vote for members of the school com- 
mittee. 

Q. What is a naturalized voter? 



59 

Q. What name is given to the laws which a town makes? 

A. Town by-laws. 

Q. How are these laws made? 

A. They are made by the voters at town meetings. 

Q. What are laws? 

A. Laws are rules of action. 

Q. For what are laws made ? 

A. Laws are made for the guidance of individuals in 
their relations to one another and to the government, and 
to promote the public good. 

Q. What town officers are elected in ]Milton and for 
how long a time is each elected ? 

A. (a) Three selectmen and surveyors of highways, 
elected for one year. 

(b) One town clerk, elected for one year. 

(c) Three assessors, elected for one year. 

(d) One town treasurer, elected for one year. 

(e) Six members of the school committee, elected 

for three years. 

(f) One collector of taxes, elected for one year. 

(g) Two auditors, elected for one year. 

(h) Three park commissioners, elected for three 

years, 
(i) Three sewer commissioners, elected for three 

years, 
(j) Three water commissioners, elected for three 

years, 
(k) Three members of the board of health, elected 

for three years. 
(1) Twelve constables, elected for one year, 
(m) Nine trustees of the public library, elected for 

three years, 
(n) Five trustees of the cemetery, elected for five 

years. 



00 

(o) Five overseers of the poor, elected for three 

years. 
(p) One tree warden, elected for one year. 
(q) Two fence viewers, elected for one year, 
(r) Two surveyors of lumber, elected for one year, 
(s) One poundkeeper, elected for one year. 
Q. By what system are they elected? 
A. All are elected by ballot with the exception of the 
tree warden, fence viewers, surveyors of lumber, and 
poundkeeper, who are chosen viva voce (by word of mouth). 
Q. Who receive salaries? What compensation have 
the others? 

Q. Who are the chief executive officers of the town? 

A. The selectmen. 

Q. What are their principal duties ? 

A. Their principal duties are : 

(a) To issue warrants for town meetings. 

(b) To preside at meetings for the election of 

State and national officers. 

(c) To lay out highways. 

(d) To grant licenses. 

(e) To prepare the jury lists, and to draw the 

jurors. 

(f) To have the general supervision of the 

streets and police departments, and 
appoint officers for the same. 

(g) To appoint various other officers for the 

welfare of the town. 
Q. What are the principal duties of the town clerk? 
A. His principal duties are : 

(a) To record the votes in town meetings. 

(b) To administer the oath of office to the other 

elected town officers. 



61 

(c) To record votes for national, State and 

county officers, and to make proper 
returns of the same. 

(d) To keep a record of births, marriages, and 

deaths. 

(e) To issue marriage certificates. 

(f) To issue dog licenses, and hunters' licenses. 

(g) To record mortgages of personal property 

and assignments of wages. 
Q. What are the principal duties of the assessors? 
A. Their principal duties are : 

(a) To determine the valuation of property, real 

and personal, and to levy taxes thereon. 

(b) To determine the rate of taxation sufficient 

to raise the amount voted by the town 
meeting. 

(c) To make a list of the poll tax payers. 

Q. (a) What are the duties of the tax collector? (b) 
Of the treasurer? (c) Of the auditors? 

A. (a) To collect the taxes, (b) To receive the taxes 
from the collector, take charge of all money belonging to 
the town, and to pay it out upon the order of the selectmen 
or other proper officers, (c) To examine the town 
accounts and the accounts of all officers or committees 
handling public funds, and to report annually to the town. 

Q. What are the duties of the overseers of the poor? 

A. Their chief duties are : 

(a). To care for the poor and needy of the town. 

(b) To have charge of the town farm, and 

employ a superintendent for the same. 

(c) To represent the town in its dealings with 

other, towns in matters pertaining to the 
support of paupers. 



62 

Q. What are the duties of the school committee? 

A. Tlie school committee have entire charge of the 
schools. 

Q. What are the duties of the trustees of the public 
library? 

A. The trustees of the pul)lic library administer the 
affairs of the public library. 

Q. In whom are the sole care, superintendence, manage- 
ment, and control of the cemetery invested? 

A. The trustees of the cemetery. 

Q. AVhat are the duties of the board of health? 

A. The board of health prescribe regulations to prevent 
the spread of contagious diseases, see that they are 
enforced, and perform such other duties as may be neces- 
sary to safeguard the public health. 

Q. What are the duties of the other officers elected at 
town meetings? 

Q. What officers are appointed by the selectmen, and 
for how long? 

Q. Why are they appointed, and not elected? 

Q. What are their chief duties? 

Q. What qualities should ever}' town officer have? 

A. Necessary knowledge of the requirements of the 
office for which he is chosen, good judgment, tact, and 
honesty of purpose and act. 

Q. Why must he l^e careful in the expenditure of 
money? 

A. In order that the money may be spent to the Ijest 
advantage of the town, and that the town may receive full 
value for every dollar expended. 

Q. What is graft? 

Q. Upon what does the welfare of our government 
depend ? 

Q. What possible dangers may it have to meet? 



(>0 

Q. For wlKit ol)ject does the town spend money? 

Q. Who decides hon- much money shall be raised for 
town expenses? 

A. The voters in town meeting assembled. 

Q. Who helps the voters to decide intelligently how 
much money is needed for each department ? 

A. The town officials and the warrant committee. 

Q. What was the total sum raised by the town last 
year? 

Q. How does the town ol)tain the money thus raised? 

Q. How are town taxes apportioned and how paid ? 

Q. What is the present rate of taxation ? 

Q. Has the rate increased or decreased with recent years ? 

Q. How do the expenses of Milton compare with those 
of ten years ago ? Twenty years ago ? Fifty years ago ? 

Q. What share of the county expenses is l)orne by Milton ? 

A. About one-tenth. 

Q. How does the county collect its taxes? The State? 
The country? 

Q. What is the amount of the town's debt ? 

Q. How does the town borrow money? 

A. By giving promissory notes for the money borrowed 
in behalf of the town, the same to be signed by the treas- 
urer and countersigned by a majority of the selectmen, or 
by issuing bonds for the amount borrowed. 

Q. What does it mean to bond the town ? 

A. To borrow money and issue certificates of indebted- 
ness which bear interest for the amount. 

Q. For how long a time may these bonds run? 

A. For the length of time for which they are issued. 

Q. Of what value are good schools ? 

Q. What can 3'ou do to make the schools good? 

Q. What are the advantages of a good public library? 



66 

Q. What did the Indians have instead of roads? 

Q. Why can we not get along with paths to-day ? 

Q. Of what advantage are good roads to a town ? 

Q. How can you help to make the streets clean and 
attractive ? 

Q. Why are parks and playgrounds important? Gym- 
nasiums ? 

Q. What can you find out about the parks, playgrounds, 
and gymnasiums of Milton ? 

Q. What is the work of the fire department? 

Q. How can you help to make your town safe from fire? 

Q. What are the duties of the police department? 

Q, What is being done in this town to prevent the 
spread of contagious diseases? 

Q. Why is spitting prohibited on the floor of cars and 
public buildings, and sidewalks? 

Q. In what things should a town try to excel? 

Q. In what things does your town excel? 

Q. Can l)oys and girls prove themselves good citizens? 
How? 

Q. What are the dangers that menace town government? 

Q. What is civil service reform? 

Q. What are " machine politics "? 

Q. What are the advantages of non-partisan government 
in a town ? 

J. Milton Churches 

Q. How many meeting-houses built by the town has 
Milton had? 

A. Four. 

Q. Where did the first meeting-house stand? 

A. On Adams street opposite or near the entrance tO' 
ChurchilFs lane. 



69 

Q. When was this meetiug-house built? 

A. As early as 1G60 and perhaps earlier. 

Q. How large was it? 

A. Proljably seventeen feet long by twenty wide and 
built of logs. It had a thatched roof. 

Q. When was the second meeting-house built? 

A. In 1672. 

Q. Where did it stand? 

A. On the corner of Centre street and Vose's lane. 

Q. What was its general appearance? 

A. It was a small ])uilding, nearly square, with a gallery 
on one side, pulpit on the other, and entrance on the town- 
way, now Centre street. 

Q. When was the third meeting-house built? 

A. In 1728. 

Q. Where did it stand? 

A. A little to the east and to the south of the |)resent 
meeting-house of the First Congregational parish. 

Q. When was the fourth meeting-house built? 

A. Begun May 1, 1787, dedicated Jan. 1, 1788. 

Q. Is it still standing? 

A. It is. It is the meeting-house now occupied by the 
First Congregational parish at the Centre. 

Q. AVhat changes have been made in the external appear- 
ance of this meeting-house ? 

A. Originally the steeple end faced the west, the front 
entrance being on the south side. There was no clock in 
the steeple. 

Q. Who was the first settled minister of ]Milton? 

A. The Kev. Peter Thacher. 

Q. How long was his pastorate ? 

A. Forty-seven years. 

Q. Were there preachers in Milton before Peter Thacher ? 



70 

A. Yes, four or five, but none of them was settled and 
none of them remained for any length of time. 

Q. When was Peter Thacher ordained and settled in 
Milton ? 

A. May 18, 1681. 

Q. How was the church in Milton originally supported? 

A. As elsewhere throughout New England. The town 
and the parish were one organization. Taxes were col- 
lected for the support of the town and for the support of the 
parish. Every citizen was obliged to pay for the support 
of the one church to which all the citizens were expected to 
belong. 

Q. When were the town and the parish separated? 

Q. How was this separation brought about? 

Q. How were religious services supported after this 
separation ? 

A. By voluntary contril)utions. Citizens were no 
longer taxed by the town for the support of public worship. 

Q. What did this separation of town and parish 
naturally result in ? 

A. The formation of other church organizations. 

K. Milton Industries 
Q. Was the location of Milton favorable for manu- 
facturing? 



Teele, History A Vp« 

ofMilton,p.357. ■^' -»-»:?». 



Q. Why? 

A. The natural advantages of the Neponset river led 
the early adventurers to settle in its near vicinity. 

Q. What were some of these advantages ? 

A. The water power at the head of navigation, and the 
rapids above. 

Q. When was the first ijrist mill erected and where? 



71 

A. In 1033 by Israel Stoughton on the })lace above the 
bridge on the Dorchester side where the stone mill of 
Walter Baker & Co., Ltd., lately stood. 

Q. Why do you call this a Milton industry ? 

A. When Milton was set olF from Dorchester in 16(52 Tee'e.HiBtory 

of Milton, p. 368. 

the grist mill was assigned to Milton as its taxable property. 

Q. Should Milton value this property ? 

A. Yes, for in the autumn of 1634 the waters of the 
Neponset turned the tirst wheel ever set up on its shores, 
and ground the first corn ever ground by water power in 
New England. 

Q. Mention another industry of great importance to the 
colony. 

A. Manufacturing powder. 

Q. When was the first powder mill erected? 

A. In 1675 a partnership was formed and the tirst 
powder mill in the country erected. 

Q. Where was it located? 

A. The site of the mill is just above the bridge in 
Milton, on land now the property of Walter Baker & Co., Ltd. 

Q. How long was this business carried on? 

A. Until 1744, when the original mill blew up. Ilun\o^J"i%k 

Q. Was paper manufactured here ? mZ'o n"'" 

A. Yes, a company was formed in 1728 for that pur-^°"**^*' 
pose. 

Q. AYhere was this mill located? 

A. On the Neponset river below the bridge at Milton. 
Believed to be the first paper mill in the country. 

Q. Mention an interesting fact connected with the 
making of paper in this mill. 

A. ^In 1803 Mr. Sanderson manufactured for the Boston T«*ie.^ni.p^^^^^^^^ 
Custom House the first folio-post and quarto letter paper 
ever made in New Enoland. 



72 

Q. How long was paper made in this mill? 

A. Until 1817, when a new mill was built just below the 
old one. 

Q. Were these the only paper mills in Milton? 

A. No, in 17G5 the same business was started in a new 
mill at Mattapan by James Boies and Richard Clark. 

Q. AVas the business a success? 

A. Yes, although the early mills were forced to stop 
work occasionally for want of skilled workmen, being 
largely dependent on English artisans. 

Q. Is paper made in Milton at the present time ? 

Q. When was chocolate first manufactured in Milton? 

A. In 1765 John Hannan manufactured the iirst choco- 
late made in the British provinces of North America. 

Q. Where was the mill located ? 

A. On the site of the old powder mill. 

Q. Who built the mill ? 

A. It was built in 1705 by Edward Wentworth and 
Henry Stone as a saw and chocolate mill. 

Q. Was this mill ever used for other purposes ? 

A. Yes, for grinding and pulverizing drugs, medicines, 
and dye stuffs, also for sawing veneers, the first manu- 
factured in America except ]:)y hand-power. 

Q. Was chocolate made in other mills in Milton? 

A. Yes, in 1772 Dr. James Baker hired part of the 
paper-mill below the Milton bridge and commenced the 
manufacture of chocolate. 

Q. How long was the business located here ? 

A. It was carried on by Dr. Baker and his son Edmund 
Baker until 1804, when it was removed to the mill built in 
1765, on the site of the powder mill. 

Q. What l>ecame of the old paper mill ? 



~:\ 





A. It Wii.s toni (iown nboiit 18 K) and on i(s .site ;t new 
one built, Hnishcd for ji ^rist and chocolate mill. 

(I. Who manufactured chocolate hereV 

A. In 1843 Josiah Webl) and Josiah F. Twombly took 
possession of it, but in 1850 removed to the new mill on 
the opposite side of Adams street. 

(^. When was this mill built? 

A. In 1850, when the old mill built on the site of the 
powder nn'll was removed. 

Q. Who occupied the mill later? 

A. It was sold to Henry L. Pierce in 1881, who 
improved a pail of it and in 1884 removed the remainder 
and erected a new l)uildinL^ It is now the property of the 
Walter Baker & Co., Ltd. 

Q. Was there any mill for the working of iron? 

A. Yes, in 1710 Mr. Jonathan Jackson erected a slitting 
mill, which was the first of the kind in the province. 

(.1. Where was it located? 

A. On the Neponset at Mattapan. 

Q. Was the business long continued? 

A. The mill was burned after a few years, but in 17<!!) 
it was repaired or a new mill erected and business resumed. 

(^. Mention other manufactures not rec^juiring water 
power. 

A. The first bass-viols and the first piano-forte made in 
this country were made in Milton. 

Q. By whom were they made and when? 

A. By Benjamin Crehore about 1800. 

Q. Is there any piano made at the present time as the 
direct result of this early industry? 

A. Yes, the Chickering piano. 

Q. Give a brief account of it. orMnioD.V3?8 

il. Mention still anothei- industry. 



76 

A. Cracker making. 

Q. What noted crackers are made here ? 

A. Bent's water crackers. 

Q. When were they lirst made and where? 

A. In 1801 with a single oven in the dwelling-house of 
Josiah Bent on Highland street. 

Q. Where are they now made? 

Q. What other industries were carried on in connection 
with the Xeponset river? 

A. Ship-building and fisheries. 

Q. Where were the ship-yards located? 

A. At or near the first landing place, now called Gulli- 
ver's Creek, as early as 1640 and at the second landing place 
about 1690. 

Q. Where was the second landing place ? 

A. About midway between the first landing place and 
Milton bridge. 

Q. How large were the vessels that were built? 

A. Shallops of thirty or forty tons burden and also 
much larger vessels. 
Te^fi'^History Q^ Who wcrc souic of the sMp-buildcrs ? 
pp. 383. 384. Q^ ^yj^j^^ jg ^^^ f^^.^^ I'ecord wc havc of the fish industry ? 

A. In 1634 Israel Stoughton had liberty granted him to 
build a mill, weir and bridge over the Neponset and sell 
alewives, which he took there at five shillings per thousand. 

Q. Was this a profitable industry? 

A. Yes, in early times the river was full of fish of 
various kinds and afforded a large revenue to the early 
settlers. 

Q. How were they taken ? 
orcutt, Good A. At hiffh water a net used to be stretched across 

Old Dorchester, C 

p-^**- Gulliver's and Sagamore Creeks, and as the tide went out 

bass were taken in dip nets in sufiicient quantities often to 
fill a boat. 



77 
Q. How many in nuinl)ers were soinetimes taken? 

A. From two to six thousand. Pierce's Diary. 

Q. Mention other early inchistries. 

A. The tanning business and wool and leather dressing. 

Q. How early and where do we Hrst know of tanning? 

A. It was first undertaken before the incorporation of 
the town, by the Pitcher family, in the valley opi)osite the 
Unitarian Church on Canton avenue. 

Q. In what other parts of the town has the business 
been carried on? 

A. On Kobbins street near Pine Tree brook by Eben- 
ezer Tucker ; in New State near Pleasant street by the 
Badcocks ; at East Milton by the Adamses and on Canton 
avenue l)y Major Babcock. 

Q. Where was leather dressing carried on? 

A. In 1709 at Mattapan ; near the close of the century 
on Canton avenue opposite the Wainwright mansion and 
later at the landing place in Milton. 

Q. Where was wool [)ulling first carried on? 

A. On Canton avenue and in the rear of Mr. Ruggles' 
house. 

Q. Who carried on the business? 

A. Mr. Caleb Hobart. 

Q. Was this his original business? 

A. No, he was a butcher, mostly in the mutton trade. 

Q. What led him to adopt the wool business? 

A. In the War of 1812 wool rose to such a price that 
the wool of a single skin would often pay for the whole 
animal. 

Q. Where else was the business carried on ? 

A. At the landing place by Gen. Whitney and Jabez 
Sumner and at the junction of Brook road and Canton 
avenue by William Davis. 



78 

Q. Is there any record of the extent of the business? 
Dorehester A. An old rccord of 1850 says " the number of pelts 

aiid Milton -^ ^ 

Almanack, 1850. fj.Qijj ^y[jj(,lj the wool IS annually taken is nearly or quite 
250,000." 

Q. What industry was the means of building up the 
east part of Milton ? 

A. Stone cutting. 

Q. Were the quarries in Milton? 

A. The principal ones were in Quincy, but for the first 
thirty years practically all of the cutting was done in Milton. 

Q. Where were the sheds located? 

A. At the head of the wharf on the Neponset river, 
and also a few rods north of the Quincy line opposite the 
junction of Mechanic and Willard streets. 

Q. What important work was early done? 

A. Preparing the granite blocks for the building of 
Bunker Hill Monument and the Custom House in Boston. 

Q. Who was the Iniilder of Bunker Hill Monument? 

A. Charles Gardner of Milton. His sons still have the 
plans. 

Q. Was there any important enterprise in connection 
with building the monument? 

A. It was the means of building the first railway in the 
United States. 

Q. When was it built? 

A. In 1826. 

Q. How long was it and where located ? 

A. Three and one-half miles long, from the quarry in 
Quincy to the Neponset river. 

Q. Is it in existence to-day? 

A. A portion of the roadbed near Squantum street is 
marked by a stone. 

Q. What was the cost of the road? 

A. Upwards of $30,000. 



81 



L. Miscellaneous 

Q. What are the chief industries in Milton to-day? 

A. The manufacture of chocolate, of crackers, and of 
paper, and the quarrying of granite. 

Q. What are the chief attractions of Milton? 

A. Its natural ])eauty, its proximity to the Blue Hill 
Reservation, its parks, its good schools, both public 
and private, its public library, which is one of the best in 
the State, and its intelligent government. 

Q. How does the town compare with other towns in 
wealth ? 

A. It is the second richest in the State. 

Q. What is the tax rate? 

A. $11.90 in 1910. 

Q. What notal)le public bequests have been made to 
Milton? 

A. Bequests and gifts have been made l)y many persons 
for various specific purposes, but the greatest gift of all was 
the property left by the late Mrs. Francis Cunningham in 
trust for the benefit of the town. This bequest amounted 
to more than $600,000, with which at the present time the 
trustees are maintaining the Cunningham Park. This is 
equipped with a skating rink, a toboggan coast, an excellent 
gymnasium, athletic fields and tennis courts. A competent 
director is in charge. 

Q. What organizations and clubs are there in Milton? 

A. Milton Historical Society, The Milton AVoman's 
Club, Milton Club, Hoosick-Whisick Club, Milton Education 
Society, the Free Masons, the Thursday Evening Club, the 
Central Avenue Improvement Association, Grand Army 
Post No. 102, Woman's Relief Corps 147, Sons of Veterans 
No. 74, Shawmut Council, R.A., Business Men's Associa- 
tion, Social Service League, Kidder House Association. 



82 

Q. Are there any regular publications? 

A. The " Milton Record" is a weekly newspaper. 

Q. What distinction has Milton acquired in art? 

A. A great deal, — through George Ilollings worth 
(1813-1882), instructor in art in the Lowell Institute 
Drawing School; Wm. M. Hunt (1824-1871)), and Thomas 
H. Hinckley (1813-1896), painters; Dr. AVilliam Rimmer 
(1816-1879), sculptor; Hamraatt Billings (1818-1874), 
architect and designer of monuments, and William Robert 
Ware, Professor of Architecture and one of seven judges 
of the competitive plans for the Hague Peace Palace. 

Q. What has Milton done for science? 

A. Very much, — through Roland Hayward, entomolo- 
gist and author ; Edward A. Samuels, ornithologist and 
author ; George Mori son, leading bridge and railway 
engineer and author ; Samuel Langley, curator of the 
Smithsonian Institute, discoverer of the principles of 
aviation, author ; Peter Leslie, State geologist of Pennsyl- 
vania and author ; Dr. Thaddeus W. Harris, author and the 
foremost entomologist of America in his time, in whose 
memory a tablet has been put on the Suffolk Resolves 
house, where he lived 1820-1831 ; A. Lawrence Rotch, 
meteorologist and author, famous in both continents for his 
experiments and records at the Blue Hill Oliservatory, 
which he has established and maintained ; Ellsworth Hunt- 
ington, now professor at Yale, distinguished explorer and 
author. 

Q. What distinction has Milton gained in literature? 

A. Besides the authors mentioned al)ove, Milton has 
produced numerous writers of ability, among the most 
widely known being Mrs. A. D. T. Whitney, the author of 
many novels, short stories, and poems ; and Edward L. 
Pierce, author of " A Memoir and Letters of Charles 
Sumner," etc. 



I 



85 

Q. AVhat conspicuous political services have been 
rendered in national and international affairs by JNIilton men? 

A. Jonathan Russell was charirc-d'atVaircs at Paris in 
1810, and at London in 1811. In 1814 ho was made 
minister to Sweden, and was one of the five commissioners 
who negotiated the Treaty of Ghent. W. Canun-on Forbes 
is now Governor-General of the Philippine Islands. 

Q. In addition to the j)u])li(; schools what private 
schools have there been in Milton? 

A. Besides Milton Academy, which was founded in 
1798 and has had an honoral)le record of service to this 
town ever since, there were Madame Cranch's school on the 
site of the present town hall ; Peggy How's school at the 
corner of Randolph avenue and Centre street ; Polly 
Crane's school at the corner of Vose's Lane and Centre 
street ; Jesse Pierce's school in Milton village ; a school for 
young ladies kept in the Swift house, now belonging to Mr, 
Grossman, on Adams street, first by Miss Brown and later 
by Miss Elizabeth Swift; and a school on Milton Hill kept 
for almost fifty years by a succession of teachers. Miss 
Elizabeth Swift also taught a private school in the back part 
of the Unitarian Church and later in a se[)arate building, 
and is gratefully remenil)ered by many of her pupils who 
are now living and by the town at large for the bequest 
known as the P^lizabcth Swift P\ind. 



M. Topics for Special Study 

1. Name and History of Persons and Families Prominent 

in Milton History. 

2. Origin and Significance of Town Names, U., of 

Streets, Districts, Schools, etc. 

3. Interesting Features of Milton Town Government. 



86 



Milton Record, 
Sept. 3, 1910. 



4. Histories and Present Conditions of the Various Town 

Departments, e.y., Poor, Police, Fire, Schools, 
Library, etc. 

5. History, Laws and Making of Highways. 

6. The Functions of the Various Town Officers. 

7. Comparison of Milton Avith other Towns in Regard 

to Wealth, Natural Advantages and Beauties, etc. 

8. Changes in Physical Features of Milton. 

y. Old Milton Landmarks, e.g., Trails, Ferries, Taverns, 
etc. 

10. Milton and the Metropolitan Park System. 

11. The Finest View Points in Milton. 

12. Native Trees and Flowers of Milton. 

13. Native Birds of Milton. 

14. The Pollution of the Neponset. 

15. The Suffolk Resolves. 

16. Milton Organizations — Social, Religious, Civic, etc. 

17. St. Michael's Church and Milton Abbey, England. 

18. The Voting System. 

19. The Taxation System. 



87 

N. General References 

Adams, Jolin. Works. 

Bancroft, George. The History of the United States. 

Benton, J. H. Early Census Making in Massachusetts. 

Boston Evening Journal. March 8, 18G1, p. 4, col. 1 ; March 21, 1803, j). 2, 
col. 1 ; June 6, 1892, p. 4, col. G. 

Boston, Mass, Record Commissioners. (Tiie Fourth Report of the Record 
Commissioners of the City of Boston, 1880. Dorchester Town Records 
1883.) 

Deane, Charles. Letters and Documents Relating to Slavery in Massachu- 
setts. (In Massacliusetts Historical Society Collections, Fiftli series, 
V. 3, pt. 2.) 

Dorchester, Mass. Records of the Proprietors of Dorchester. (Dorchester 
and Milton Almanack, 1850.) 

Eggleston, Edward. Social Conditions in the Colonies. (In Century Maga- 
zine, October, 1884, v. 28, pp. 848-871.) 

Ellis, G. E. Governor Thomas Hutchinson. (In Atlantic Monthly, May, 
1884.) 

Felt, J. B. Statistics of Population in Massachusetts. (Collection of 
American Statistical Association, v. 3.) 

Fiske, John. Essays, Historical and Literary, 1902. 

Forbes, J. M. Letters and Recollections, 1899. 

Forbes, R. B. Personal Reminiscences, 1882. 

Goodell, A. C. Thomas Hutchinson. (In American Historical Review, 1896.) 

Hanson, J. W. History of the Sixth Regiment of Massachusetts Volun- 
teers, 18GG. 

Higginson, T. W. Massachusetts in the Army and Navy. 

Hosmer, J. K. Life of Thomas Hutchinson, 1896. 

Hutchinson, Thomas. Diary and Letters. History of Massachusetts, 1795. 

Livermore, C. H. Tliomas Hutcliinson. (New England Magazine, Febru- 
ary, 1900.) 

Massachusetts Acts and Resolves, 1791. 

Massachusetts Body of Liberties, 1641. 

Massachusetts Historical Society. Proceedings, v. 3, 1859. 

Massachusetts State Archives. 

Milton. Auditors. (Annual Reports of Receipts and Expenditures for the 
Years ending February, 1865, February, 18G6, and January, 1895.) 

Milton. School Report. (Annual Report of the Public Schools of Milton, 
Mass., for the Year ending 1897.) 

Milton Church Records. 

Milton Leader, January 24, 1902. 

Milton Record, October 26, 1907; Sept. 3, 1910. 



88 

Milton Town Records. 

Moore, G. H. Notes on the History of Slaverj' in Massachusetts, 1866. 

National Cyclopanlia of American Biography. 

Orcutt, W. D. Good Old Dorche.ster, 1893. 

ralfrey.'J. G. The History of New England. 

Pierce.rE. L. Addresses, 1880. 

Pierce, Samuel. Diary. 

Probate Records of Suffolk County. 

Rhodes, J. F. The History of United States. 

Rivers, G. R. R. The Governor's Garden, 1896. 

Schouler, William. Massachusetts in the Civil War. 

Shurtleff', N. B., editor. Records of the Colony of New Plymouth. Records 
of the Governor and Company of the Massachusetts Bay in New England. 

Suffolk County Deeds. 

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DEC 21 1910 



One copy del. to Cat. Div. 



